REMADE Institute: Workforce Profile

MANUFACTURING A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

Workforce Profile / Clean Energy, Innovation & Sustainability

VERSION 1

Table of Contents

59► Occupational Analytics: Technicians 61► Jobs and Job Postings Over Time: Technicians 63► Demographic Data: Technicians 64► Highlights 65►Systems Analysis & Integration 65► Occupations 66► Skills and Competencies: Engineers 68► Occupational Analytics: Engineers 70► Jobs and Job Postings Over Time: Engineers 71► Demographic Data: Engineers 72► Highlights 73 ►All Focus Areas: Observed REMADE Themes 73► Skills and Competencies 74► Demographic Data 76► Engineers 77► Technicians 78► Summary

31► Demographic Data: Engineers 33► Skills and Competencies: Technicians 35► Occupational Analytics: Technicians 38► Jobs and Job Postings Over Time: Technicians 39► Demographic Data: Technicians 40► Highlights 42► Skills and Competencies: Engineers 44► Occupational Analytics: Engineers 46► Jobs and Job Postings Over Time: Engineers 47► Demographic Data: Engineers 48► Highlights 49► Occupations 50► Skills and Competencies: Engineers 53► Occupational Analytics: Engineers 55► Jobs and Job Postings Over Time: Engineers 56► Demographic Data: Engineers 57► Skills and Competencies: Technicians

2 ►About the REMADE Institute 3 ►Methodology 4 ►Technology Focus Areas 5 ►REMADE Occupations 6 ►How to Use this Report Next Steps 7►Recycling & Recovery 8 ► Occupations 9 ► Skills and Competencies: Engineers 11► Occupational Analytics: Engineers 13► Jobs and Job Postings Over Time: Engineers 14► Demographic Data: Engineers 15► Skills and Competencies: Technicians 18► Occupational Analytics: Technicians 20► Jobs and Job Postings Over Time: Technicians 21► Demographic Data: Technicians 22► Highlights 23►Remanufacturing/End-of-Life (EOL) Reuse 23► Occupations 25► Skills and Competencies: Engineers 28► Occupational Analytics: Engineers 30► Jobs and Job Postings Over Time: Engineers

41►Manufacturing Materials Optimization 41► Occupations

49►Design for Re-X

01 / Workforce Profile | REMADE Institute

/ Table of Contents

About the REMADE Institute

The Sustainable Manufacturing Innovation Alliance was selected by the U.S. Department of Energy to lead its new Reducing EMbodied-Energy And Decreasing Emissions (REMADE) Institute. This national coalition of leading universities and companies forges new clean energy initiatives deemed critical in keeping U.S. manufacturing competitive.

The mission of the REMADE Institute is to enable the early stage applied research and development of key industrial platform technologies that could dramatically reduce the embodied energy and carbon emissions associated with industrial-scale materials production and processing. By focusing our efforts on addressing knowledge gaps that eliminate and/or mitigate the technical and economic barriers that prevent greater material recycling, recovery, remanufacturing and reuse,

the REMADE Institute seeks to motivate subsequent industry investments required to advance technology development that supports the U.S. manufacturing eco-system. The institute focuses its efforts on driving down the cost of technologies essential to reuse, recycle and remanufactured materials such as metals, fibers, polymers and electronic waste.

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About REMADE

METHODOLOGY

REMADE-aligned occupational groupings were defined with input and support of the REMADE member committee on Education and Workforce Development (EWD). Through the utilization of job posting analytics technology provided by Burning Glass Technologies, job posting data was filtered by REMADE-aligned keywords to suggest a list of occupations. These occupations were reviewed, edited and organized with input from the REMADE member committee on EWD. Occupations were then grouped by focus area and position-type to form the taxonomy used to collect the labor market data presented in this report. This process is intended to be updated over time as the Institute matures and generates new research and understanding of REMADE aligned technologies and their impact on the national and relevant regional workforce.

Specific data sources are noted on each chart.

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/ Methods

TECHNOLOGY FOCUS AREAS The Institute’s research includes the development of key platform technologies, such as: information collecting; gathering, identification, and sorting of end-of-life and waste materials; separating mixed materials; removal of trace contaminants and robust and cost-effective reprocessing and disposal methods. Research and expertise is contributed by a consortium of universities, companies, national labs, industry trade associations and foundations.

Recycling and Recovery Rapid gathering, identification, sorting, separation, containment removal,

Systems Analysis and Integration Data collection, standardization, metrics, and tools for understanding material flow.

Manufacturing Materials Optimization Technologies to reduce in-process losses, reuse scrap materials, and utilize secondary feedstock in manufacturing

ENGINEER 8

TECHNICIAN 35

reprocessing and disposal.

ENGINEER 6

TECHNICIAN 6

Remanufacturing/ EOL Reuse Efficient and cost effective technologies for cleaning component restoration, condition

Design for Re-X* Design tools to improve material utilization and reuse at End-of-Life (EOL).

ENGINEER 8

TECHNICIAN 35

ENGINEER 3

TECHNICIAN NA

ENGINEER 6

TECHNICIAN NA

assessment, and reverse logistics.

*Design for Recovery, Reuse, Remanufacturing & Recycling

METROS/REGIONS WHERE CONCENTRATIONS OF REMADE WORKFORCE HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED

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Focus Areas

REMADEOccupations ENGINEER

Aerospace Engineers Chemical Engineers Computer Hardware Engineers Electrical Engineers Electronics Engineers, Except Computer

Environmental Engineers Health and Safety Engineers, Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors

Engineers, All Other Logisticians Chemists Materials Scientists Environmental Scientists

Industrial Engineers Materials Engineers Mechanical Engineers Petroleum Engineers

and Specialists, Including Health

TECHNICIAN

Model Makers, Metal and Plastic Tool and Die Makers Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers Plating and Coating Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic Textile, Apparel, and Furnishings Workers, All Other Crushing, Grinding, and Polishing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders Cutting and Slicing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers Cleaning, Washing, and Metal Pickling Equipment Operators and Tenders Helpers—Production Workers Production Workers, All Other First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand Refuse and Recyclable Material Collectors

Electrical and Electronics Drafters Drafters, All Other Aerospace Engineering and

Industrial Machinery Mechanics Maintenance Workers, Machinery Maintenance and Repair Workers, General Wind Turbine Service Technicians Helpers--Installation, Maintenance,and Repair Workers Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers, All Other Transportation, Storage, and Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers Engine and Other Machine Assemblers Team Assemblers Assemblers and Fabricators, All Other Computer-Controlled Machine Tool Operators, Metal and Plastic Computer Numerically Controlled Machine Tool Programmers, Metal Distribution Managers First-Line Supervisors of Production and Operating Workers

Operations Technicians Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technicians

Industrial Engineering Technicians Mechanical Engineering Technicians Engineering Technicians, Except Drafters, All Other First-Line Supervisors of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers Electric Motor, Power Tool, and Related Repairers Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Commercial and Industrial Equipment Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics Bus and Truck Mechanics and

05 / Workforce Profile | REMADE Institute Diesel Engine Specialists Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics, Except Engines

and Plastic Machinists

/ Focus Areas

HOW TO USE THIS REPORT The report organizes and defines the REMADE relevant workforce into two-levels of worker, that of the engineer and technician level. This two-level worker taxonomy is applied across the five REMADE focus areas. Each section of the report outlines the occupations grouped at both the engineering and technician level for that focus area followed by the relevant traditional labor market data and job posting analytics. This report is intended to provide a baseline understanding of the existing national incumbent workforce that the Institute has defined as aligned to REMADE technologies. The information also provides direction as to where opportunities for workforce development may exist. NEXT STEPS The purpose of this report is to create a foundational understanding of the REMADE-aligned workforce to better inform where opportunities exist to develop individuals within the REMADE-related industries. The broad-based nature of REMADE relevant technologies and the fact that many of the REMADE relevant skill sets are likely infused within established occupations, makes it difficult to isolate and identify REMADE specific required skills solely through a labor study utilizing both traditional and real time analytics. To further define the REMADE skill set presented in this report, it is suggested that the Institute pursue a combination of survey and or focus groups that can elicit more specific skills and competencies. Additionally, as the REMADE project calls progress, the implications for education and workforce development should be considered.

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Focus Areas

Recycling &Recovery Recovering and recycling end-of-life materials offers the potential to divert manufacturing waste streams and obtain secondary materials without the costs, embodied energy, and emissions resulting from extracting and processing virgin feedstock. However, due to the technical and logistical challenges associated with collecting, characterizing, sorting, separating, cleaning, and reprocessing materials, recycling and recovery today can often be energy-intensive and cost-prohibitive, with the cost of recycling sometimes exceeding the value of secondary products or the cost of virgin materials.

To address these issues, the REMADE Recycling & Recovery Node focuses on developing and advancing methods and technologies for the rapid gathering, identification, sorting, separation, contaminant removal, reprocessing, and disposal of high-scrap materials (fibers, metals, polymers, and e-waste).

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/ RECYCLING & RECOVERY

ENGINEERING

Aerospace Engineers (17-2011)

Materials Engineers (17-2131)

Chemical Engineers (17-2041)

Mechanical Engineers (17-2141)

Petroleum Engineers (17-2171)

Computer Hardware Engineers (17-2061)

Engineers, All Others (17-2199)

Electrical Engineers (17-2071)

Electronics Engineer, except Computer (17-2072) Environmental Engineer (17-2081) Health and Safety Engineer (17-2111) Industrial Engineer (17-2112)

TECHNICIAN

Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers (51-4121) Textile, Apparel, and Furnishing Workers, All Other (51-2099) Crushing, Grinding, and Polishing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders (51-9021) Cutting and Slicing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders (51-9032) Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers (51-9061) Cleaning, Washing and Metal Pickling Equipment Operators and Tenders (51-9192)

Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technicians (17-3023) Industrial Engineering Technicians (17-3026)

Mechanical Engineering Technicians (17-3027)

Engineering Technicians, except Drafters, All Other (17-3029) First-line Supervisors of Production and Operating Workers (51-1011) Electrical and Electronics Equipment Assemblers (51-2022)

Helpers – Production Workers (51-9198)

Engine and Other Machine Assemblers (51-2031)

Production Workers, All Other (51-9199)

Team Assemblers (51-2092)

First-line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand (53-1021) Refuse and Recyclable Materials Collectors (53-7081)

Assemblers and Fabricators, All Other (51-2099)

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RECYCLING & RECOVERY

Skills andCompetencies ENGINEERS Recycling &Recovery

IN DEMAND CERTIFICATIONS

Security Clearance Licensed Professional Engineer American Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) Accredited Six Sigma Certification Certified Quality Engineer (CQE) American Society For Quality (ASQ) Certification Six Sigma Green Belt Certification Six Sigma Black Belt Certification Project Management Certification Engineer in Training Certification

9,221

3,828

3,766

3,025

2,369

1,761

1,651 1,589

1,492

1,173

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017 The top ten professional certifications and certificates requested or described in job postings for this worker-type and node.

TOP 10 REQUESTED SKILL CLUSTERS

Engineering: Drafting & Engineering Design Information Technology: Microsoft Office & Productivity Tools Business: Project Management Engineering: Mechanical Engineering

39,250

34,405

33,952

33,118

Business: Business Process & Analysis

26,346

Engineering: Electrical & Computer Engineering Information Technology:

25,148

24,888

SystemDesign & Implementation Engineering: Engineering Practices Manufacturing & Production: Manufacturing Processes Manufacturing & Production: Product Development

24,333

24,256

22,069

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017 The top ten categories of skills requested or described in job postings for this worker-type and node. Categories are formed by Burning Glass based on if they are often paired in job postings (programming languages), are similar in nature (scheduling and calendar management), or if they have similar trainings (Six Sigma and Kaizen).

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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/ RECYCLING & RECOVERY

TOP 10 REQUESTED SPECIALIZED SKILLS

Mechanical Engineering Project Management Repair Scheduling Manufacturing Processes Budgeting Quality Assurance and Control AutoCAD

29,828

27,416

20,398

17,716

17,550

17,006

14,904

14,676

Project Development Electrical Engineering

14,202

13,835

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017 The top ten professional and occupation-specific skills requested or described in job postings for this worker-type and node.

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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RECYCLING & RECOVERY

OccupationAnalytics ENGINEERS Recycling &Recovery

REQUESTED EXPERIENCE LEVELS

0 to 2 years 3 to 5 years 6 to 8 years 9+ years

19,188

47,492

14,119 13,844

0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017

REQUESTED EDUCATION LEVELS

Doctoral degree Master’s degree Bachelor’s degree Associate’s degree

1,080

3,721

100,936

614

0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017 Education level filters in Burning Glass Labor Insight look at all job postings that name any education filter(s) you have selected. The values represented in the chart reflect only those with a minimum education that matches your selected filter(s).

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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/ RECYCLING & RECOVERY

ADVERTISED SALARY RANGES

10,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0

More than $75,000

Less than $35,000

$35,000 to $49,999

$50,000 to $74,999

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017

TOP 5 INDUSTRIES

Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services (5413) Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing (3364) Navigational, Measuring, Electro-medical, and Control Instruments Manufacturing (3345)

9,389

7,736

3,717

Scientific Research and Development Services (5417)

3,576

Management, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services (5416)

2,832

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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RECYCLING & RECOVERY

Jobs and Job PostingsOver Time ENGINEERS Aligned toRecycling &Recovery

JOBS OVER TIME

1,320,000 1,300,000 1,280,000 1,260,000 1,240,000 1,220,000 1,200,000 1,180,000 1,160,000 1,140,000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

SOURCE: BLS Data via EMSI

JOB POSTINGS OVER TIME

140,000 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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/ RECYCLING & RECOVERY

Demographic Data ENGINEERS Aligned toRecycling &Recovery

AGE DISTRIBUTION FOR ENGINEERINGOCCUPATIONS

30.0%

25.0%

26.3%

20.0%

21.9% 22.4%

20.9%

15.0%

10.0%

5.0%

4.6%

0.5%

3.4%

0.0%

SOURCE: BLS Data via EMSI

14-18

19-21

22-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55-64

65+

10 Year Age Out 25.5%

female 12.5%

male 87.5%

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

SOURCE: BLS Data via EMSI

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RECYCLING & RECOVERY

Skills andCompetencies TECHNICIANS Recycling &Recovery

IN DEMAND CERTIFICATIONS

Security Clearance Forklift Operator Certification Welding Certification Automotive Service Excellence (ASE) Certification IPC Certification Electrician Certification CDL Class A Certified A+ Technician Six Sigma Certification IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL) Certification Maintenance, Repair, & Installation: Equipment Repair & Maintenance Manufacturing & Production: Machinery Manufacturing & Production: Welding Information Technology: Microsoft Office & Productivity Tools Maintenance, Repair & Installation: Hand Tools Human Resources: Occupational Health & Safety Maintenance, Repair & Installation: Basic Electrical Systems Customer & Client Support: Basic Customer Service Supply Chain and Logistics: Material Handling

2,411

1,326

924

623

591

542

443

308

296

279

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017 The top ten professional certifications and certificates requested or described in job postings for this worker-type and node.

TOP 10 REQUESTED SKILL CLUSTERS

30,809

20,458

15,842

15,619

15,270

13,818

13,525

12,428

12,297

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017 The top ten categories of skills requested or described in job postings for this worker-type and node. Categories are formed by Burning Glass based on if they are often paired in job postings (programming languages), are similar in nature (scheduling and calendar management), or if they have similar trainings (Six Sigma and Kaizen).

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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/ RECYCLING & RECOVERY

TOP 10 REQUESTED SPECIALIZED SKILLS

Repair Machinery Welding Predictive / Preventative Maintenance

60,307

16,122

15,466

14,765

Hand Tools Scheduling Schematic Diagrams Quality Assurance and Control Forklift Operation Test Equipment

12,422

11,895

10,787

10,067

8,861

7,413

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017 The top ten professional and occupation-specific skills requested or described in job postings for this worker-type and node.

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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RECYCLING & RECOVERY

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/ RECYCLING & RECOVERY

OccupationAnalytics TECHNICIANS Recycling &Recovery

REQUESTED EXPERIENCE LEVELS

0 to 2 years 3 to 5 years 6 to 8 years 9+ years

25,013

25,968

3,774

3,312

0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017

REQUESTED EDUCATION LEVELS

Doctoral degree Master’s degree Bachelor’s degree Associate’s degree High school or vocational training

145

523

12,509

7,800

40,639

0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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RECYCLING & RECOVERY

ADVERTISED SALARY RANGES

9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0

Less than $35,000

$35,000 to $49,000

$50,000 to $74,000

More than $75,000

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017

TOP 5 INDUSTRIES

Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services (5413)

3,263

Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing (3364)

2,376

Employment Services (5613)

1,577

Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors (2381)

1,530

Commercial and Industrial Machinery and Equipment (except Automotive and Electronic) Repair and Maintenance (8113) SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017

1,327

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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/ RECYCLING & RECOVERY

JobsandJobPostingsOverTime TECHNICIANS Aligned toRecycling &Recovery

JOBS OVER TIME

4,600,000 4,500,000 4,400,000 4,300,000 4,200,000 4,100,000 4,000,000 3,900,000 3,800,000 3,700,000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

SOURCE: BLS Data via EMSI

JOB POSTINGS OVER TIME

140,000 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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RECYCLING & RECOVERY

Demographic Data TECHNICIANS Aligned toRecycling &Recovery

AGE DISTRIBUTION FOR TECHNICIANOCCUPATIONS

30.0%

25.0%

24.7%

20.0%

21.0% 22.0%

18.7%

15.0%

10.0%

5.0%

5.4%

4.0%

0.6%

3.7%

14-18

19-21

22-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55-64

65+

SOURCE: BLS Data via EMSI

10 Year Age Out 22.7%

female 29.4%

male 70.6%

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

SOURCE: BLS Data via EMSI

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/ RECYCLING & RECOVERY

Highlights Recycling &Recovery

ENGINEERING Of the ten most frequently requested certifications, six involve process improvement and are quality related. Security clearance ranks as the most frequently requested certification suggesting the prevalence of work environments requiring proprietary processes, confidentiality and government contracts. The two most frequently requested specialized skills rank as mechanical engineering and project management. As noted elsewhere in the report, mechanical engineering was found to be one of the top most requested skill sets for the engineering level across all five REMADE areas of focus. The number of total jobs and job post- ings over time both show a general positive increase across all nodes for engineers. The Recycling & Recovery occupational demographic indicate that over a quarter (25.5%) of the most experienced engineers in this 12-occupation grouping are within 10 years or less of retiring from industry. TECHNICIAN As with the engineer grouping for this node, security clearance ranks as the top most requested certification (31% of postings). 66% of job postings for the 19 technicians included in the Recycling and Recovery grouping advertised an education level of less than an associate’s degree, preferring a high school diploma and/or some vocational training. Employment Services ranked the third strongest industry for driving postings for this grouping suggesting a possible preference by employers to hire technicians and lower skilled laborers through a temp to hire strategy in order to address sourcing difficulty in attracting qualified candidates for semi-skilled and entry level skilled positions. 39% of postings advertised a wage of less than $35,000 ($17.00 an hour) which may contribute to the presence of Employment Services as an industry driver as higher first year turnover rate could be requiring assistance for sourcing this category of employee. The multi-craft nature of the technician skill-set is also apparent across the specialized skills and skill clusters analysis with a majority of most frequently advertised skills falling across the maintenance, production, machinery and repair genres. The occupational demographic for technicians for Recycling and Recovery distributes very similarly to the engineer grouping in this node but with a slightly smaller 10-year age out of 22.7% within 10 years or less.

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RECYCLING & RECOVERY

Remanufacturing / End-of-Life (EOL) Reuse

By extending the useful life of products or components, remanufacturing and end-of-life reuse provides a significant opportunity for increasing the energy efficiency and reducing the embodied energy of materials in U.S. manufacturing. Remanufacturing and reuse of products and components retains the embodied energy of a product, including the materials and processes used to produce the product. Reuse involves identifying a market for used materials or products, and insuring that the material is in functional condition. Given the high embodied-energy savings potential, overcoming barriers to remanufacturing and reuse of products, especially those with limited recycling pathways,

contributes to achieving REMADE Technical Performance Metrics. To facilitate increased remanufacturing and end-of-life reuse, the Remanufacturing & End-of-life Reuse Node focuses on three activities: 1) improving technologies for assessing the remaining life and residual value of products and components, 2) achieving cost parity for material reuse, and 3) developing restoration methods to restore components to “like-new” condition. Product design has a major impact on both the technical feasibility and cost effectiveness of both reuse and remanufacturing and is approached in concert with the Design for Re-X Node.

ENGINEERING

Aerospace Engineers (17-2011)

Industrial Engineers (17-2112)

Computer Hardware Engineers (17-2061)

Materials Engineers (17-2131)

Electrical Engineers (17-2071)

Mechanical Engineers (17-2141)

Electronics Engineers, except Computer (17-2072)

Engineers, All Other (17-2199)

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/ REMANUFACTURING / EOL REUSE

TECHNICIAN

Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers (11-3071) Aerospace Engineering and Operations Technicians (17-3021) Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technicians (17-3023)

Helpers – Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers, All Other (49-9098) Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers, All Other (49-9099) First-line Supervisors of Production and Operating Workers (51-1011)

Industrial Engineering Technicians (17-3026) Mechanical Engineering Technicians (17-3027)

Electrical and Electronics Equipment Assemblers (51-2022)

Team Assemblers (51-2092)

Engineering Technicians, except Drafters, All Other (17-3029) First-line Supervisors of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers (49-1011)

Engine and Other Machine Assemblers (51-2031)

Computer-Controlled Machine Tool Operators, Metal and Plastic (51-4011) Computer Numerically Controlled Machine Tool Programmers, Metal and Plastic (51-4012)

Electric Motor, Power Tool, and Related Repairers (49-2092)

Electrical and Electronic Repairers, Commercial and Industrial Equipment (49-2094) Electrical and Electronic Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay (49-2095) Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics (49-3023) Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists (49-3031) Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics, except Engines (49-3042)

Machinists (51-4041)

Model Makers, Metal and Plastic (51-4061)

Tool and Die Makers (51-4111)

Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers (51-4121)

Plating and Coating Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic (51-4193) Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers (51-9061) Cleaning, Washing and Metal Pickling Equipment Operators and Tenders (51-9192)

Industrial Machinery Mechanics (49-9041) Maintenance Workers, Machinery (49-9043) Maintenance and Repair Workers, General (49-9071) Wind Turbine Service Technicians (49-9081)

Helpers – Production Workers (51-9198) Production Workers, All Other (51-9199)

First-line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand (53-1021)

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REMANUFACTURING / EOL REUSE

Skills andCompetencies ENGINEERS Remanufacturing / EOLReuse

IN DEMAND CERTIFICATIONS

Security Clearance American Board for Engineering & Technology (ABET) Accredited Licensed Professional Engineer Six Sigma Certification Certified Quality Engineer (CQE) American Society for Quality (ASQ) Certification Six Sigma Green Belt Certification Six Sigma Black Belt Certification Project Management Certification Engineer in Training Certification

8,772

3,429

3,057

2,654

2,342

1,753

1,481

1,451

1,245

952

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017 The top ten professional certifications and certificates requested or described in job postings for this worker-type and node.

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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/ REMANUFACTURING / EOL REUSE

TOP 10 REQUESTED SKILL CLUSTERS

Engineering: Drafting & Engineering Design Engineering: Mechanical Engineering Information Technology: Microsoft Office and Productivity Tools Business: Project Management Engineering: Electrical & Computer Engineering Information Technology: SystemDesign & Implementation Business: Business Process & Analysis Engineering: Engineering Practices Manufacturing & Production: Manufacturing Processes Manufacturing & Production: Product Development

36,098

31,356

29,848

28,918

24,744

23,171

22,393

22,199

20,806

20,669

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017 The top ten categories of skills requested or described in job postings for this worker-type and node. Categories are formed by Burning Glass based on if they are often paired in job postings (programming languages), are similar in nature (scheduling and calendar management), or if they have similar trainings (Six Sigma and Kaizen).

TOP 10 REQUESTED SPECIALIZED SKILLS

Mechanical Engineering Project Management Repair Scheduling Manufacturing Processes Budgeting Electrical Engineering Quality Assurance and Control Product Development AutoCAD

28,289

23,316

18,738

15,713 15,276

14,659

13,771

13,323

13,237

12,961

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017 The top ten professional and occupation-specific skills requested or described in job postings for this worker-type and node.

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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OccupationAnalytics ENGINEERS Remanufacturing / EOLReuse

REQUESTED EXPERIENCE LEVELS

0 to 2 years 3 to 5 years 6 to 8 years 9+ years

16,762

42,034

12,354

11,878

0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017

REQUESTED EDUCATION LEVELS

Doctoral degree Master’s degree Bachelor’s degree Associate’s degree

738

3,174

88,602

605

0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017

ADVERTISED SALARY RANGES

9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0

Less than $35,000

$35,000 to $49,000

$50,000 to $74,000

More than $75,000

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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REMANUFACTURING / EOL REUSE

TOP 5 INDUSTRIES

Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services (5413)

7,897

Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing (3364)

7,366

Scientific Research and Development Services (5417) Management, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services (5416) Navigational, Measuring, Electro-medical, and Control Instruments Manufacturing (3345)

3,511

3,212

2,456

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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JobsandJobPostingsOverTime ENGINEERS Aligned toRemanufacturing / EOLReuse

JOBS OVER TIME

1,200,000 1,180,000 1,160,000 1,140,000 1,120,000 1,100,000 1,080,000 1,060,000 1,040,000 1,020,000 1,000,000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

SOURCE: BLS Data via EMSI

JOB POSTINGS OVER TIME

140,000 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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Demographic Data ENGINEERS Aligned toRemanufacturing / EOLReuse

AGE DISTRIBUTION FOR ENGINEERINGOCCUPATIONS

30.0%

25.0%

26.6%

20.0%

22.5%

21.0%

21.6%

15.0%

10.0%

5.0%

4.6%

3.3%

0.5%

0.0%

14-18

19-21

22-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55-64

65+

SOURCE: BLS Data via EMSI

10 Year Age Out 25.6%

female 11.6%

male 88.4%

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

SOURCE: BLS Data via EMSI

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REMANUFACTURING / EOL REUSE

Skills andCompetencies TECHNICIANS Remanufacturing / EOLReuse

IN DEMAND CERTIFICATIONS

Automotive Service Excellence (ASE) Certification Security Clearance EPA CFC/HCFC Certification Forklift Operator Certification CDL Class A Environmental Protection

8,871

4,566

2,790

2,673

2,190

1,847

Agency Certification Welding Certification CDL Class B Electrician Certification Certified A+ Technician

1,460

1,370

1,277

1,254

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017 The top ten professional certifications and certificates requested or described in job postings for this worker-type and node.

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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TOP 10 REQUESTED SKILL CLUSTERS

Maintenance, Repair, and Installation: Equipment Repair and Maintenance Manufacturing and Production: Machinery Customer & Client Support: Basic Customer Service Manufacturing and Production: Welding Maintenance, Repair, and Installation: Basic Electrical Systems Maintenance, Repair, and Installation: Hand Tools Maintenance, Repair, and Installation: Vehicle Repair & Maintenance Information Technology: Microsoft Office and Productivity Tools Human Resources: Occupational Health and Safety Maintenance, Repair, and Installation: Plumbing

88,858

48,812

42,647

40,748

37,897

37,156

36,844

36,629

35,046

34,639

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017 The top ten categories of skills requested or described in job postings for this worker-type and node. Categories are formed by Burning Glass based on if they are often paired in job postings (programming languages), are similar in nature (scheduling and calendar management), or if they have similar trainings (Six Sigma and Kaizen).

TOP 10 REQUESTED SPECIALIZED SKILLS

Repair Predictive / Preventative Maintenance Machinery Welding Scheduling Plumbing Hand Tools Customer Service HVAC Schematic Diagrams

199,460

47,429

42,244

39,532

32,673

32,468 30,707

27,621

27,340

21,757

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017 The top ten professional and occupation-specific skills requested or described in job postings for this worker-type and node.

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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OccupationAnalytics TECHNICIANS Remanufacturing / EOLReuse

REQUESTED EXPERIENCE LEVELS

0 to 2 years 3 to 5 years 6 to 8 years 9+ years

68,694 68,720

9,449

7,992

0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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REQUESTED EDUCATION LEVELS

Doctoral degree Master’s degree Bachelor’s degree Associate’s degree High school or vocational training

202

754

20,523

16,182

106,357

0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017

ADVERTISED SALARY RANGES

20,000 18,000 16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000

8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0

Less than $35,000

$35,000 to $49,999

$50,000 to $74,999

More than $75,000

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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TOP 5 INDUSTRIES

Automotive Repair and Maintenance (8111)

9,834

Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services (5413)

6,122

Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing (3364)

4,343

Automobile Dealers (4411)

3,934

Building Materials and Supplies Dealers (4441)

3,780

SOURCE: BLS Data via EMSI

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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JobsandJobPostingsOverTime TECHNICIANS Aligned toRemanufacturing / EOLReuse

JOBS OVER TIME

8,800,000 8,600,000 8,400,000 8,200,000 8,000,000 7,800,000 7,600,000 7,400,000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

SOURCE: BLS Data via EMSI

JOB POSTINGS OVER TIME

300,000 250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000 50,000 0

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

SOURCE: Burning Glass Labor Insight 2017

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job posting may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

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Demographic Data TECHNICIAN Aligned toDesign for Remanufacturing / EOLReuse

AGE DISTRIBUTION FOR TECHNICIANOCCUPATIONS

30.0%

26.0%

25.0%

20.0%

21.6%

20.1%

19.7%

15.0%

10.0%

5.0%

4.6%

3.1%

4.3%

0.6%

14-18

19-21

22-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55-64

65+

SOURCE: BLS Data via EMSI

10 Year Age Out 24.4%

female 17.2%

male 82.8%

Note: The totals from each chart may not match due to variations in the job posting sample size (e.g., a job post- ing may not list a certification and therefore will not be included in that chart).

SOURCE: BLS Data via EMSI

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Highlights Design for Remanufacturing / EOLReuse

ENGINEERING The Remanufacturing/End of Life (EOL) grouping consists of 8 engineering occupations. As with many of the engineering groupings across the five REMADE nodes, there is high frequency of requested certifications (41%) involving process improvement and quality ranging from various levels of Six Sigma certification as well as quality via the bodies of knowledge contained in the Certified Quality Engineer (CQE) and American Society for Quality (ASQ) Certification designations. As with the Recycling and Recovery engineer grouping, Security Clearance is the highest ranked single certification (32%) suggesting work environments requiring proprietary processes, confidentiality and government contracts. The skill clusters analysis indicates mechanical engineering, project management and repair as the most frequently categorized skill sets requested (42%) for the Remanufacturing/End of Life (EOL) engineer grouping. The number of total jobs and job postings over time both show a general positive increase. The 8-member Remanufacturing/End of Life (EOL) grouping occupational demographic indicates that over a quarter (25.6%) of the most experienced engineers in this node to be within 10 years or less of retiring from industry. TECHNICIAN The Remanufacturing/End of Life (EOL) technician grouping is the largest technician focused category for any node in this analysis. As with the engineering level for this node, security clearance ranks as the top most requested certification being referenced in 31% of postings for technicians. 74% of job postings for the 35 technicians included in the Remanufacturing/ End of Life (EOL) grouping advertised an education level of less than an associate’s degree, prefer- ring a high school diploma and/or some vocational training. Automotive Repair and Maintenance ranked the strongest single industry for driving postings (35%) for this grouping followed by Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services (22%). 65% of postings advertised a wage of up to $49,000 ($23 an hour) with 26% of total online postings advertising a wage between $50 – $74,999 making this technician group one of the better paying technician groupings analyzed across the five REMADE relevant nodes. The multi-craft nature of the technician skill-set is apparent across the specialized skills with 31% categorized as equipment repair and machinery. Additionally, 34% of the postings for specialized skills spanned machinery, welding, plumbing, HVAC and hand tools. The occupational demographic for this technician grouping indicates a 10-year age out of 24.4% of the most experienced technicians will retire from industry within 10 years or less.

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ManufacturingMaterials Optimization

Optimizing the use of materials in manufacturing depends on the ability to control materials properties, improve process efficiency, and increase the use of more cost-effective alternative feedstocks without sacrificing desired materials performance. By developing and implementing tools, technologies, and methods that facilitate more precise control of materials manufacturing, manufacturers can process secondary feedstocks at cost and energy parity with primary feedstocks and

improve manufacturing yields for primary feedstocks, thereby decreasing the embodied energy in materials manufacturing. To realize these benefits, the REMADE Manufacturing Materials Optimization Node focuses on advancing technologies and processes to increase the use of secondary feedstocks and decrease the consumption of primary feedstocks by reusing scrap materials and reducing in-process losses in manufacturing.

ENGINEERING

Chemical Engineers (17-2041)

Materials Engineers (17-2131)

Petroleum Engineers (17-2171)

Chemists (19-2031)

Materials Scientists (19-2032)

Environmental Scientists and Specialists, including Health (19-2041)

41 / Workforce Profile | REMADE Institute

/ Manufacturing Materials Optimization